{"id":1838,"date":"2023-10-13T10:08:36","date_gmt":"2023-10-13T03:08:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/southern.com.vn\/?p=1838"},"modified":"2023-11-02T18:13:26","modified_gmt":"2023-11-02T11:13:26","slug":"phan-chia-trach-nhiem-van-tai-trong-hop-dong-mua-ban-ngoai-thuong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/southern.com.vn\/vi\/phan-chia-trach-nhiem-van-tai-trong-hop-dong-mua-ban-ngoai-thuong\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n Chia Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i Trong H\u1ee3p \u0110\u1ed3ng Mua B\u00e1n Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n. Ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i sao cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1\u00a0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/strong> trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf th\u00ec Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i <\/strong>l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i giao h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

\"\u0110\u1ee9ng
\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf th\u00ec tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i giao h\u00e0ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thanh to\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 hay m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u00ean g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. Trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thanh to\u00e1n c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i – c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai. C\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao, ho\u1eb7c theo b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh hay tr\u00ean ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, b\u00ean g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  • An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n<\/strong>: B\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u1eeb l\u00fac nh\u1eadn chuy\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi giao h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n
  • Th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng<\/strong>: Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i<\/strong> c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
  • Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o<\/strong>: B\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 do l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho b\u00ean g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
  • Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt<\/strong>: Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo Quy t\u1eafc Rotterdam, Hague-Visby ho\u1eb7c Hamburg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \"V\u1eadn
    V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo Quy t\u1eafc Rotterdam, Hague-Visby ho\u1eb7c Hamburg.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Ph\u00e2n chia quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i trong ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1ch 1: C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i hay quy\u1ec1n thu\u00ea t\u00e0u<\/h3>\n

    Nh\u00f3m 1:Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – EXW (Ex Works):<\/strong> H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n giao t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

    – FCA (Free Carrier):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u00ea ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u00f3m 2: Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – CPT (Carriage Paid To):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro sau khi giao h\u00e0ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf.<\/p>\n

    – CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid to):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

    – DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m giao h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, sau khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

    – DAP (Delivered At Place):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed giao h\u00e0ng t\u1edbi n\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

    – DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m giao h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00ed) t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u00f3m 3: Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb gi\u1eefa c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean (m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi XK, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi NK)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    – AS (Free Alongside Ship):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00e0u t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng xu\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

    – FOB (Free On Board):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u00e0u. T\u1eeb khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean t\u00e0u, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    – CFR (Cost and Freight):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 c\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00edch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro t\u1eeb khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

    – CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight):<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00edch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro t\u1eeb khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch 2: C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ch\u1eb7ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n

    Nh\u00f3m E:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u (NK).<\/p>\n

      \n
    • EXW (Ex Works – T\u1ea1i X\u01b0\u1edfng):<\/strong> NK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Nh\u00f3m F:<\/strong> Trong nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n ph\u00ed cho ch\u1eb7ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • FCA (Free Carrier – Giao H\u00e0ng T\u1ef1 Do T\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chuy\u00ean Ch\u1edf):<\/strong> NK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n
      • FAS (Free Alongside Ship):<\/strong> NK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n
      • FOB (Free On Board):<\/strong> NK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Nh\u00f3m C:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u (XK) ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n ph\u00ed cho ch\u1eb7ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ee7i ro chuy\u1ec3n cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • CFR (Cost and Freight):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n
        • CPT (Carriage Paid To):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n
        • CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid to):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 mua b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n
        • CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 mua b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Nh\u00f3m D:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c v\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • DAP (Delivered At Place):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n
          • DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n
          • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):<\/strong> XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7ng ch\u00ednh, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \"Ph\u00e2n
            Ph\u00e2n chia quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i trong mua b\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

            L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            – 4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/strong> h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n: FAS<\/strong>, FOB<\/strong>, CFR<\/strong>, v\u00e0 CIF<\/strong>. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

            – Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea9u (XK) d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i khi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n CPT<\/strong>, CIP<\/strong>, v\u00e0 DDP<\/strong>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi XK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n thu\u00ea t\u00e0u khi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n CFR<\/strong> v\u00e0 CIF<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

            – Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u (NK) d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i khi nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n EXW<\/strong> v\u00e0 FCA<\/strong>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi NK d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n thu\u00ea t\u00e0u khi nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n FAS<\/strong> v\u00e0 FOB<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

            \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n

            Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

            L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

            T\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong> Khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 do \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh giao nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n

            Kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u bu\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng thu v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

            R\u1ee7i ro gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u:<\/strong> Gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

            C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i:<\/strong> \u0110\u00f4i khi, vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gi\u00e1 c\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

            \"T\u1ea1i
            T\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

            M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n

            \u25aa Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: kh\u00f3 thu\u00ea ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng thu\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n VT (thi\u1ebfu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch thu\u00ea, c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed t\u0103ng so v\u1edbi t\/gian k\u00ed H\u0110MB)
            \n\u25aa Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 FOB v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 CFR, gi\u00e1 FCA v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 CPT l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i
            \n\u25aa Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 3: qu\u00e1 c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 c\u1ea7n mua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n d\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i
            \n\u25aa Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 4: do lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc hay phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3ng<\/p>\n

            Kh\u00f3 thu\u00ea ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 khi thi\u1ebfu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed t\u0103ng cao so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

            Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i:<\/strong> Khi s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 FOB (t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng giao) v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 CFR (c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3), ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 FCA v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 CPT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf, gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

            \u00c1p \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c:<\/strong> Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi b\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c mua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

            Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

            Thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i sao cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"yoast_head":"\nPh\u00e2n Chia Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1eadn T\u1ea3i Trong H\u1ee3p \u0110\u1ed3ng Mua B\u00e1n Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean.\" 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